Load-absorbing device for introducing load forces such as cable forces or tensioning forces of sheet-like structures

ABSTRACT

A load-absorbing device for introducing load forces such as cable forces or tensioning forces of sheet-like structures into supporting structures ( 10 ), with at least one load-absorbing part ( 36, 40 ) which can be anchored on the supporting structure ( 10 ) via a bearing element ( 24 ), is characterized in that the respective load-absorbing part ( 36, 40 ) has a transmission body ( 36 ) which forms a convexly shaped transmission surface which is guided on the bearing element ( 24 ) on a carrier surface which is formed from surface parts adapted to the convexity of the transmission surface.

The invention relates to a load-absorbing device for introducing loadforces, such as cable forces or tensioning forces of sheet-likestructures, into supporting structures and that comprises at least oneload-absorbing member, which can be anchored on the supporting structureby means of a bearing element.

Modern architecture has increasingly incorporated concepts ofload-bearing structures, where planar elements, such as tent-like orumbrella-like coverings that form, as a textile building material, partof a load-bearing structure, are anchored or erected on support systems,for example, steel supports. In order to achieve that the respectiveelements form space-creating structures of a desired architecturaldesign, the respective suitable introduction of load forces, inparticular, the tensioning or bearing cable forces, is a crucial factor.Hence, it must be ensured that the line of action of the cable forcethat is to be introduced and that acts on the respective support systemis independent of the respective orientation (inclination) of thesupport that is a part of the load-bearing structure, in order to avoiddistortions of the desired architectural design.

In light of the foregoing, the object of the invention is to provide aload-absorbing device that satisfies, in particular, the associatedrequirements.

The invention achieves this object with a load-absorbing device whichhas the features of claim 1 in its entirety.

In that, according to the characterizing part of claim 1, the load istransferred between the load-absorbing member and the bearing element byway of a transmission body, which forms, on its outer surface, aconvexly curved transmission surface, which is guided on the bearingelement on a support surface, which consists of the concave surfaceparts, which are matched to the convexity of the transmission surface,the result is a load-absorbing joint that allows a ball joint-likemobility of the load-absorbing member relative to the supportingstructure. This ball joint-like mobility allows the respectiveload-absorbing member to be adjusted, independently of the respectivearrangement of the supporting elements of the support system, where,depending on the configuration of a respective load-bearing structure,it involves steel supports of varying orientation or inclination or wallareas, as a function of the line of action of the engaging cable forces,so that an optimal anchoring or erecting of the respective tent-like orumbrella-like element is ensured. In this case, the load-absorbing jointcould also be secured; and the supporting structure could be movedrelative to the joint.

The bearing element exhibits preferably bearing flanges, which extendaway from the plane of at least one connecting area that is provided formounting on the supporting structure, and which leave between themselvesan aperture with an interior wall that forms the surface parts of thesupport surface, where the force is introduced from the transmissionbody of the load-absorbing member.

A hinge joint with bearing flanges, which form between themselves ajoint-like bearing of the transmission body of the load-absorbingmember, can be constructed preferably in such a way that the bearingflanges project at a right angle from the plane of the respectiveconnecting area. If the connecting area forms a base plate of the hingejoint, then this base plate can be mounted, for example, on the apex ofa support column, the bearing flanges extending along the direction ofthe longitudinal axis of the column; and tensioning forces with lines ofaction in an angular range can be introduced transversely to thelongitudinal axis of the column.

The arrangement is configured preferably in such a way that the bearingflanges are formed by beam-like lateral bodies.

These lateral bodies can form on their ends, which are situated at adistance from the base plate, a ridge surface that connects said ends orleaves on these ends a gap between them. Exemplary embodiments withlateral bodies, which are connected at the ends, allow high forces to beintroduced with a high degree of certainty while simultaneouslysatisfying the requirement of a small design space.

In especially advantageous embodiments, the arrangement is configured insuch a way that the lateral bodies define legs that diverge from thecenter of the base plate in the direction of a tension rod that extendsfrom the aperture and that together with the transmission body forms theload-absorbing member. The bearing flanges can be formed by side wallsof a solid body containing the aperture in the central region.

An especially high structural stability and good articulationproperties, due to the support surface that is configured so as to havea relatively large area, are apparent in one exemplary embodiment, wherethe ridge surface connecting the lateral bodies forms a protruding nosebody that projects in the direction of the tension rod extending fromthe aperture.

If a solid body forming the bearing flanges is constructed in a box-likemanner, then this solid body can form two planar connecting areas thatare situated diametrically opposite with respect to the aperture.Moreover, at these connecting areas, the solid body can be connected tothe console plates of the supporting structure, these console platesbeing arranged in parallel and set apart from each other. Instead of abox-like solid body, a body in the shape of an ellipsoid can form thebearing flanges.

The surface parts, which are situated between the bearing flanges in theaperture and which form the support surface, can be curved in such a waythat the transmission body of the load-absorbing member can be broughtinto contact with the surface parts, forming the support surface, fromthe one side or the other side of the bearing flanges.

Especially good articulation properties of a respective hinge joint areguaranteed if the transmission surface on the transmission body exhibitsat least parts of a spherical surface, wherein the surface parts,forming the support surface, correspond to parts of a spherical cap.

In especially advantageous embodiments, the transmission body is mountedon the end of a tension rod, which serves as a tensioning member.

In this case, the arrangement can be configured in such a way that thetransmission body is constructed as a solid sphere and forms with thetension rod a coherent unit having positive fit.

To this end, the tension rod can be provided with an external thread andcan be screwed into a threaded blind hole of the solid sphere.

An external thread that is located on the tension rod offers theadditional advantageous possibility of mounting a connecting element, bymeans of which the cable forces or the tensioning forces aretransferred, on the tension rod by way of the threaded connection, sothat a tensioning or retensioning at the connecting element is possiblein a turnbuckle-like manner.

As an alternative, the spherical body, which serves as the transmissionbody, may have a passage drill hole, through which the cap screw, whichforms the tension rod, is inserted. The screw head of this cap screw issupported on the edge of the passage drill hole in order to transfer thetensioning force.

In this case, the transmission body may have a planar flattening as theengagement surface for the screw head. This flattening is formed on theedge, assigned to the screw head, of the passage drill hole.

If the vertical wall areas are provided as the supporting structure forthe respective hinge joints, then it is advantageous that thearrangement can be configured in such a way that the bearing elementforming the support surface of the hinge joint has a round cup body,which passes over, at its cup aperture, into a ring body, which is madeas one piece with said cup body and which forms a connecting area, whichis provided for mounting on the wall areas forming the supportingstructure. The cup body projects perpendicularly from the plane of saidconnecting area; and the cup floor has an aperture for the emergence ofthe tension rod, wherein the interior wall of the cup body that isadjacent to the aperture forms the support surface that is matched tothe transmission surface of the sphere, which is accommodated in the cupbody.

Additional advantages, features, and details of the invention areapparent from the following description of preferred embodiments as wellas by means of the drawings. These drawings show in

FIG. 1: a perspective oblique view of a roof covering composed of asail, which is mounted between four columns and is also referred to as aroof membrane;

FIG. 2: a perspective oblique view of a hinge holder or joint, which ismounted on the apex or head surface of a column of FIG. 1 and whichsecures the sail on the column;

FIG. 3: a perspective view of the disassembled hinge holder of FIG. 2with its assigned insert screw or rotary screw as well as with an enddisk of the column;

FIG. 4: a side view of the assembled hinge holder of FIG. 3 with aninserted insert screw;

FIG. 5: the front view of the hinge holder;

FIG. 6: the rear view of the hinge holder;

FIG. 7: the top view of the hinge holder;

FIG. 8: the top view of a base plate of the hinge holder of FIGS. 3, 6;

FIG. 9: a sectional view of FIG. 7 along its line IX-IX;

FIG. 10: a perspective oblique view of the hinge holder of FIG. 2;

FIG. 11: a side view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12: a sectional view of FIG. 10 along the line XII-XII of FIG. 7;

FIG. 13: a perspective view of a modified, disassembled hinge holderwith its assigned insert or rotary screw as well as with the indicatedend region of the column;

FIG. 14: the top view of the assembled hinge holder of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15: a sectional view of FIG. 14 along its line XV-XV;

FIGS. 16 to 18: the front and the rear view of the hinge holder of FIGS.13 to 15 and a perspective oblique view of the same;

FIG. 19: a hinge holder on the end of a horizontally extending column inan oblique perspective side view;

FIGS. 20, 28, and 30: in each case a perspective oblique view of therespective other embodiments of a hinge holder;

FIGS. 21 and 31: a front view of FIGS. 20 and 30, respectively;

FIGS. 22 and 33: a sectional view of FIG. 21 along its line XXII-XXIIand of FIG. 31 along its line XXXIII-XXXIII;

FIGS. 23, 29, and 32: a top view of the hinge holder of FIG. 20 and FIG.28 and FIG. 30, respectively;

FIG. 24: a sectional view of FIG. 23 along its line XXIV-XXIV;

FIGS. 25 and 34: a perspective oblique view of a front plate accordingto FIG. 20 and according to FIG. 30, respectively;

FIGS. 26 and 35: a front view of FIG. 25 and FIG. 34, respectively;

FIGS. 27 and 36: a top view of FIG. 25 and FIG. 34, respectively;

FIGS. 37 and 48: a perspective oblique view of a holding plate, whichconsists of two connecting plates and is connected with the insert screwof the hinge holder by means of a base hinge;

FIG. 38: one of the connecting plates of FIGS. 37, 48 in an obliqueview;

FIG. 39: a connecting plate, which is designed differently from that inFIG. 38;

FIGS. 40 and 49: a perspective view of a part of the base hinge of FIGS.37 and 48, respectively;

FIGS. 41 and 50: a front view of FIGS. 40 and 49, respectively;

FIGS. 42 and 51: an enlarged detail of FIG. 41 according to its regionXLII and FIG. 50 according to its region LI;

FIG. 43: a top view of a part of FIG. 37;

FIG. 44: a front view of FIG. 43;

FIGS. 45 to 47: in each case a perspective oblique view of the hingeholder of FIG. 2 in different positions;

FIG. 52: a front view of FIG. 53;

FIGS. 53 and 54: in each case a top view of a part of FIG. 48;

FIG. 55: a perspective oblique view of a connecting member with anattached additional strip consisting of two adjacent angle sections;

FIG. 56: a disassembled perspective view of the arrangement according toFIG. 55;

FIG. 57: an enlarged side view of an angle section of FIGS. 55, 56;

FIG. 58: the angle section as depicted in FIG. 57 with an attached top;

FIGS. 59 and 60: in each case an enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG.58 according to its regions LIX and LX, respectively;

FIG. 61: a perspective oblique view of two strips that are assigned toeach other;

FIG. 62: an installation drawing of FIG. 61 with its strips in frontview;

FIGS. 63 and 64: in each case a disassembled perspective view of twoadditional arrangements;

FIG. 65: a perspective oblique view of just the bearing element, whichis molded as one piece on a ring body, forming the connecting area formounting on the supporting structure, according to an additionalembodiment;

FIGS. 66, 67, and 68: a rear view and side view and top view of what isshown in FIG. 65;

FIG. 69: a perspective oblique view of an additional embodiment of ahinge joint according to the invention;

FIG. 70: a perspective oblique view of the embodiment of FIG. 69, shownwithout the associated load-absorbing member; and

FIG. 71: a side view of what is shown in FIG. 70.

A plane load-bearing structure has, according to FIG. 1, four somewhatoutwardly inclined columns 10, which are set apart from each other andreach upward in pairs from a floor area B and stretch between their freeends 11 a sail S, which has an approximately rectangular contour and ismade of a textile material, as a membrane-like roof surface. On theother hand, those free ends 11 are tensioned by cables 14 against thefloor area B and anchors (not illustrated herein) that are secured onthe latter. The four corner regions of this membrane S or acorrespondingly constructed net are connected in each case by shortcable strands 16 to so-called hinge joints 20, which project from thehead surface 12 _(k) of the column 10. The head surface 12 _(k) formsthe upper edge of the supporting structure and is formed by an end disk12, which is inserted into the column 10.

According to FIGS. 2 and 3, a base plate 22 having a diameter d of, forexample, 117 mm and a height h of, for example, 20 mm, of the hingejoint 20 has a bearing element 24, which has an angular configuration inFIGS. 7 and 14 and a height h₁ of 100 mm and a thickness e ofapproximately 37 mm, with two molded-on leg sections 25, 25 _(a). Thelatter form a two-armed configuration having an angle w of approximately120°, as shown in the top view of FIG. 7.

It is very clear from the FIGS. 3, 5, and 6 that two side surfaces 27 ofa width e extend from a ridge surface 26 of the bearing element 24. Theupper top region of said side surfaces is slightly curved in thedirection of the ridge surface 26. The width of the connecting region 25_(q) of the two curved sections 25, 25 _(a) in the ridge surface 26 isdesignated as e₁ in FIGS. 7 and 12.

The ridge surface 26 and each of the side surfaces 27 define outwardly awall region of the hinge joint 20 or more specifically the bearingelement 24 that exhibits a curved longitudinal cross section. Arelatively large aperture 30 is milled into the center of said bearingelement as well as axially in relation to the central axis M of thehinge joint 20. The edge 32 of said aperture runs at an axial distance aof about 10 mm in relation to the planar ridge surface 26. The distanceh₂ between the center Z of the aperture and the base plate 22 measuresapproximately 50 mm. Moreover, due to the milling and the angularconfiguration of the bearing element 24, that edge 32 is slightly curvedin the cross section and defines a surface region 31 of the hinge joint20. This surface region 31 is matched to a part of the surface of abearing ball 36 (described below) that is capable of resting flush withthe surface region 31 in the tensioning direction that is indicated withan x (FIGS. 2, 11, 14, 55). The forces are transferred to the bearingelement 24 by way of the engagement surface.

Between the pair of curved sections 25/25 _(a), there is a triangularsurface section of the head surface 23 of the base plate 22, whichsurface section is triangular in shape in the top view; and its centralregion shows a screw hole 29 for a connecting screw 21. FIG. 8 shows theposition of two additional screw holes 29 in the base plate 22, one ofthe screw holes lying in the transverse axis Q of the base plate, andthe two others lying on both sides of said transverse axis at distancesa₁ from it of approximately 28 mm. Each screw hole 29, having a diameteri of 17 mm herein, passes over in the direction of the upper surface 23of the base plate 22 into a funnel-shaped expansion 29 _(t) having anupper surface diameter i₁ of 29 mm.

The dimensions of all of the parts of the hinge joint 20 are adjusted tothe respective cable forces that may arise; that is, the securementelements that are designed to meet static requirements can be matched toa plurality of cables 14. Below are listed the dimensions for forcesthat may occur, for example, at a pointwise attachment having atensioning force of approximately 100 kN.

FIG. 10 depicts the rotary screw 40 in the horizontal position as wellas two of the three connecting screws 21, which approximately flank thecurved section 25 _(a).

The connecting screws 21, shown at the upper end in FIG. 3, in theattachment position, extend into the screw holes 29 _(e) of the end disk12 of the column 10.

In the working position, the aforementioned bearing ball 36 having adiameter d₁ of approximately 74.5 mm herein sits in the aperture 30 ofthe bearing element 24. In the example according to FIGS. 11 and 12,this bearing ball 36 is provided with a surface 35 and a radial passage37. The surface 35 serves as the stop face for the head 38 of a rotaryscrew 40 having a diameter f of 26 mm. The reference numeral 39 shows awasher assigned to the head 38. According to FIG. 12, the longitudinalaxis A of the rotary screw 40 of the bearing ball 36 is to be rotatedwith the said bearing ball at an angle w₁ of approximately 80° (swivellevel A₁ of the longitudinal axis A of the screw). Likewise, it is clearthat the bearing ball 36 can be swiveled horizontally; that is, thepossibilities of the directions of the bearing ball 36 in the bearingelement 24 describe a conical shape.

FIG. 3 shows an inventive hinge joint 20 with the connecting member 50,which is also shown in FIG. 2, as individual parts for the sake of abetter overview. It is clear that the rotary screw 40 passes through theplate-like connecting member 50, which is fixed in position by a nut 41,supported on a washer 39, and which is described in detail below.

The hinge joint holder 20 of FIGS. 13 to 19 accommodates a bearing ball36 _(a) in its aperture 30 _(a). The rotary screw 40 in this bearingball extends into a blind hole 34 with an internal thread, that is, doesnot totally pass through this bearing ball 36 _(a).

FIG. 19 offers a horizontal column 10 _(a) as a variation. Arranged inparallel to the longitudinal axis E of this column, a protruding supporttongue 42 with its position stabilizing support consoles 43 is molded tosaid column. The base plate 22 of the hinge joint 20 sits on thissupport tongue 42; and, in this case, the rotary screw 40 and, thus,also the connecting member 51 run parallel to the longitudinal axis E,that is, also horizontally. Each of the side edges of the connectingmember 51 has a threaded fitting 70, which is described in detail withrespect to FIG. 39.

FIG. 20 shows a cassette-like or sleeve-like body 80, which can besecured, for example, on a wall area F with retaining screws 18. Thescrew holes for these retaining screws are marked with the referencenumeral 19. It is also clear that this body 80 has two plates 82, whichprotrude in parallel from a rear wall 81 having a height h₄ of 100 mm.The said plates have a width b₃ of 140 mm and an overhang length n₁ of120 mm and a thickness e₄ of 20 mm. In this case, the height h₅ of theinterior space 79 of this body 80 also measures 100 mm. Between the freeends of those plates 82 there is a front plate 84 of a height h₅ thatcontains the above-described aperture 30 with the matching surfaceregion 31. The aperture 30 of the front plate 84 can accommodate thedescribed bearing ball 36, herein without the rotary screw. FIGS. 25 to27 show the shape of this front plate 84 with the inwardly shaped sidewall surfaces 85 as well as a horizontal cross section that tapers offin the direction of the central axis G of the front plate 84. The ridgesurface 86 is constructed accordingly (FIG. 27).

This front plate 84 can also be inserted into a body 80 _(a) that hasasymmetrical overhang plates 83 (see FIGS. 28 and 29). In the top view,each of the said overhang plates is provided with an overhang tongue 88on a side surface, the distance n₂ between the overhang tongue and therear area of the rear wall 81 being greater than the length of the otherlongitudinal side 87. In this case, the transversal distance b₄ betweenthe said longitudinal side 87 and the overhang tongue 88 is 92 mm.

FIG. 30 shows a totally different design concept of the wall joint 90.Two console plates 93 having an overhang length k of 48 mm projectfrontward at a distance h₇ of 70 mm from a rear plate 92 having a heighth₆ of 150 mm, a width b₅ of 66 mm, and a thickness e₄ of 10 mm. The rearplate 92 is secured with retaining screws 18 on a wall that is notillustrated herein.

Each of the console plates 93 that resemble tongues in the top view hasa hole 94 for a connecting screw 21 _(a) in the central axis T of saidconsole plates. The latter screw secures an annular retaining body 96 ofthe wall joint 90 between the console plates 93; and said retaining bodyholds a bearing ball 36 _(a) in a central aperture 30.

The aperture 30 is centered in relation to the retaining body 96, havinga height h₅ of 70 mm, a thickness e₆ of 31 mm, and a width b₃ of 54 mm,the center of the aperture also being marked with the reference symbolZ.

The connecting member 50 referred to with respect to FIGS. 2 and 3 andhaving a width n of 120 mm projects in a wing-like manner from therotary screw 40 with a head 38 against which the connecting member 50rests. The rotary screw 40 passes through a central base hinge 52, whichis composed of two hinge halves 54, 54 _(a), each of which has a tubularpart 56 having a width e₂ of 40 mm, according to FIG. 40, with a tubularchannel 57 having a diameter d₂ of approximately 28 mm for accommodatingthe rotary screw 40, with three radial slots 58 as well as partial ringribs 59 of the tubular part 56, said ribs running between said radialslots. The other hinge part 54 _(a) is constructed in the same way sothat, when the two parts are fitted together, the radial slots 58 in onepart of the hinge 54 or 54 _(a) is capable of receiving a partial ringrib 59 of the other part of the hinge 54 _(a) or 54, respectively. Thesetwo parts 54, 54 _(a) of the hinge are held together by the rotary screw40 that passes through their common tubular channel 57.

A wing plate 66 is inserted as the connecting tension bracket into therespective external oblong slot 60 of that hinge parts 54 or 54 _(a),respectively, that crosses with its adjacent overhang ribs 62 threescrew holes 63, with a molded-on push bar 68 that forms a linear edge67. This wing plate is secured in position with three socket head capscrews 64, which in turn then also cross the oblong slot 60 and thedrill holes 65 of the push bar 68. The configuration of this wing-likeconnecting plate 66 resembles that of the lid of a grand piano and endsrelative to the push bar 68 with a protruding semicircular tongue piece69 that contains a passage hole 69 _(a) near the edge.

FIG. 39 is an oblique view of a wing plate 66 _(a) that has, instead ofthe tongue piece, a straight side edge 67 _(a) that runs at an angle w₂of, for example, 30° in relation to the free edge 67 of the plate 66_(a). This obliquely extending side edge 67 _(a) rests against a lateraltube 72, which accommodates a hexagonal nut 73 with a push-on disk 74having a semicircular cross section. In this case, it involves theaforementioned threaded fitting 70.

FIGS. 45 to 47 show different positions of the overhang plate 60 of aconnecting member 50. In FIGS. 45 and 46, the rotary screw 40 runs atapproximately right angles to the longitudinal axis E of the column 10or more specifically the central axis M of the hinge joint 20. In FIG.47, the longitudinal axis A of the rotary screw 40 is folded upward atan angle t of approximately 45° in relation to the central axis M.

The connecting member 50 _(a) of FIG. 48 resembles the just describedconnecting member 50 with the one difference that the rotary screw 40passes through a central tubular channel 77 of the connecting member 50_(a), which in this case is constructed as one piece. The central hingeof FIG. 37 is missing here. The connecting member 50 _(a) is constructedas a flat plate, since, instead of a pairing of two hinge halves 54according to FIGS. 48, 49, there is a compact base plate 80 with thecentral tubular channel 77, the vertex e₃ of the base plate 80 being 40mm herein, the length n being 120 mm, and the width b being 100 mm here.The distance b₁ between the two rows of screw holes 63 measures 70 mm;their distance b₂ from the adjacent longitudinal edge 61 is 15 mm ineach case. The clear height h₃ of the lateral oblong slots 60 is 13 mm,a distance that matches the dimension in FIG. 42.

The drawings do not show that in this case, too, it is possible to usethe described threaded fitting 70.

According to FIGS. 55 and 56, the described connecting member 50 canalso be used as the connecting element for strip-like so-called kederprofiles 100. Such a keder profile 100 is connected to the connectingmember 50 by means of tension brackets 98, which are mounted in arotationally limited manner at both ends. At the same time, the pins 76pass through the keder profile 100 and the tension bracket 98, each ofwhich is fixed in position at both ends by a safety cotter pin 75, whichpasses radially through the same. The pin 76 passes through both thehinge parts 54 and 54 _(a), respectively, and also a washer 39 _(a) onboth sides of the tension bracket 98.

Each of the two keder profiles 100 of FIGS. 55 and 56 consists of twoangle sections 102 that are molded by extrusion molding from a lightmetal alloy with each of these angle sections having an L-shaped crosssection and in FIG. 55 forming together with a base arm 104 an overhangplate as well as two end strips 106, reaching upward at a right anglefrom said overhang plate at an edge. According to FIG. 57, each anglesection 102, having a cross-sectional height h₈ of 50 mm herein, across-sectional width b₆ of approximately 80 mm, as well as a thicknessf₁ of 12 mm or f₂ of 13 mm, contains a plurality of longitudinalchannels 108 or 109, respectively. In addition, the base strips 104,which lie one over the other, form with the recesses 110 _(a), 111 _(a),which are also situated one over the other and are a part of theexternal surfaces 105 (FIGS. 55 and 57) of the base strips, a commoncentral channel 110 having an approximately rectangular cross sectionand a common longitudinal channel 111 having a circular cross section.

The end strips 106 contain the passage slots 107, which cross said endstrips, for the tension brackets 98 and terminate in each case with alongitudinal edge 112, into which an oblong slot 114 extends. On theother hand, said oblong slot issues from the adjacent longitudinalchannel 109. This oblong slot 114 serves to accommodate a so-calledkeder, which is secured on the edge of an assigned textile surface. Thiskeder has to be enveloped by the membrane, which is welded together.Then the keder of a defined strength sits rigidly and immovably on theedge of the textile sheet. This keder has to transfer the forces of thetransverse direction to a structural element, to the keder profile 100in the example of FIG. 55.

FIGS. 58 to 60 show a portion of a mounting section 120, having a rightangular cross section, for the angle section 102. A shaped plate 122extends from the end strip or transverse strip 106 of said profile, saidshaped plate sitting with an endwardly molded-on round bead 124 in thelongitudinal channel 109 of the angle section 102. Above thelongitudinal edge 112, which is semicircularly curved in the crosssection, there is a second shaped bead 126 of the shaped plate 122. Thecenter points of the two beads 124, 126 form a distance g of 8.6 mmherein, the distance g₁ of the center point Z₁ of each round bead 124from the underside 105 of the base arm 104 of the angle section 102measuring 44 mm herein. The distance g₂ of the center point Z₁ from theupper surface 128 of a transverse plate 130, which is molded endwardlyat a right angle onto the shaped bar 122, is 56 mm herein, saidtransverse plate having a width e₇ of 50 mm and a thickness e₇ of 2 mm.The clear distance g₃ of the transverse plate 130 from the base strip104 measures 85 mm; and the thickness e₈ of the shaped plate 122 is onlyslightly larger than the thickness e₇.

In FIGS. 61 and 62, two transverse strips of keder profiles 100 made oflight metal sections are assigned to each other at a distance k₁; and inFIG. 62 the end or transverse strips 106 of their angle sections 102 areconnected by spacing screws 116. In this case, the figures show twomembrane webs S₁, which are clamped with an edge in a respective centralchannel 110 by means of an inserted profile bar 115. Two cloth stripsS₂, which are laid over the angle sections 102 in order to protect themand are connected to each other on a longitudinal plate 118, terminateon the surface of the membrane webs S₁. Owing to the oblong slot 114 ofthe longitudinal edge 112, this longitudinal plate is positioned in thelongitudinal channel 109 adjacent to this longitudinal edge and extendsat a distance in parallel to the spacing screws 116.

FIG. 63 shows a device analogous to that in FIG. 56, where the kederprofile 100 is provided with a housing 140. This housing has a floorplate 132 with a profile bar 135 having a circular cross section, saidprofile bar in the working position resting in the transverse channel111 of the transverse strip 100. A wall plate 134 having an angularcross section is hinged to the floor plate 136 with both wall strips136, 136 _(a) of said wall plate defining an angle w₃ of approximately130°. In the working position, an angle section 138 is connected to thenarrow wall strips 136 _(a). The free edge of said angle section alsoforms a profile bar 135 _(a). In the working position, this profile barrests in the upper longitudinal channel 109 of the upper angle section102.

FIG. 64 indicates a connecting device of two net or cloth surfaces whichare not illustrated. A retaining tube 142, which is shown in sectionsand exhibits an external diameter q, is connected to a spaced ridge tube144, having a significantly smaller diameter q₁, by means of threeradial plates 146. U-shaped clamps 150 may be slid onto this ridge tube144. The clamps can be secured with their bow end 148 on said ridge tubeand are slid with a screw end 149 through a hole in one of the assignedangle sections 102. One of these holes is indicated at 147 in FIG. 64.Threaded nuts 41 _(a) secure the two screw ends 149 of the clamp 150 onthe angle section 102, on which the net or cloth surface is secured. Theresult is, for example, a rigid connection between two such textilesurfaces, which rest in the adjacent hole sections 145, 145 _(a) of thelength c of the ridge tube 144.

FIGS. 65 to 69 show an additional embodiment, wherein the hinge joint isshown without the assigned load-absorbing member formed by the ball 36and tension rod 40. As in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 2 to 18,there is a circularly round base plate 22, which forms the connectingarea for attaching the respective supporting structure and has screwholes 29. As in the aforementioned exemplary embodiments, bearingflanges, which extend from the center of the base plate 22, are formedby the legs 27 of the beam-like lateral bodies. The ends of the lateralbodies that are located at a distance from the base plate 22 form aridge surface 26, connecting said ends. At variance with theaforementioned exemplary embodiments, the ridge surface 26 forms aprotruding nose body 161, which projects from the ridge surface 26 inthe direction of the tension rod 40 (which is not illustrated in FIGS.65 to 68), which extends from the aperture 30.

FIGS. 69 to 71 show another modified form of the hinge joint 20, whereinin FIGS. 70 and 71 in turn the load-absorbing member, consisting of ball36 and tension rod 40, is not illustrated. In this embodiment, thefunction of the base plate 22 of the aforementioned example is takenover by a circularly round ring body 162, which has a series of screwholes 29. In this exemplary embodiment, there is a cup body 163 as thebearing element, with which the load-absorbing member 36, 40 engages,with said cup body projecting concentrically from the ring body 162 andbeing constructed in such a way that the cup floor 164 has a smallerdiameter than the cup aperture 165, at which the cup body 163 passesover into the ring body 162 with a curved outer wall contour at 166 asone piece. For the passage of the tension rod 40 of the ball 36, whichis accommodated in the interior of the cup body 163, the cup floor 164forms a central aperture 30. The interior wall, which borders theaperture 30 and is a part of the cup floor 164, forms the concavesupport surface 31, which is matched to the convexity of the ball 36.The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 69 to 71 is especiallyappropriate for mounting on a vertical wall area, forming the supportingstructure. As in the example of FIGS. 65 to 68, the bearing element,including the base plate 22 or the ring body 162 and, thus, theone-piece bearing flanges 27 or the cup body 163, can also be aone-piece casting made of metal in the example in FIGS. 69 to 71, italso being possible to provide recesses 167 in the side wall of the cupbody 163 in order to reduce the weight.

1. A load-absorbing device for introducing load forces, such as cableforces or tensioning forces of sheet-like structures, into supportingstructures (10) and that comprises at least one load-absorbing member(36, 40), which can be anchored on the supporting structure (10) bymeans of a bearing element (24, 80, 163), characterized in that therespective load-absorbing member (36, 40) has a transmission body (36),which forms a convexly shaped transmission surface, which is guided onthe bearing element (24, 80) on a support surface (31, 32), whichconsists of the surface parts that are matched to the convexity of thetransmission surface.
 2. The load-absorbing device according to claim 1,characterized in that the bearing element (24, 80) exhibits bearingflanges (25, 25 _(a), 85), which extend away from the plane of at leastone connecting area (22, 86) that is provided for mounting on thesupporting structure (10), and which leave between themselves anaperture (30) with an interior wall that forms the surface parts of thesupport surface (31).
 3. The load-absorbing device according to claim 2,characterized in that the bearing flanges (25, 25 _(a), 85) project at aright angle from the plane of the respective connecting area (22, 86).4. The load-absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in thatthe bearing flanges (25, 25 _(a)) project from the plane of a base plate(22), forming the connecting area.
 5. The load-absorbing deviceaccording to claim 2, characterized in that the bearing flanges (25, 25_(a)) are formed by beam-like lateral bodies (27).
 6. The load-absorbingdevice according to claim 2, characterized in that the bearing flanges(25, 25 _(a)) form on their ends, which are situated at a distance fromthe base plate (22), a ridge surface (26) that connects said ends. 7.The load-absorbing device according to claim 4, characterized in thatthe bearing flanges (25, 25 _(a)) leave on their ends, which aresituated at a distance from the base plate (22), a gap between saidends.
 8. The load-absorbing device according to claim 5, characterizedin that the lateral bodies define legs (27) that diverge from the centerof the base plate (22) in the direction of a tension rod (40) whichextends from the aperture (30) and together with the transmission body(36) forms the load-absorbing member (36, 40).
 9. The load-absorbingdevice according to claim 6, characterized in that the ridge surface(26) forms a protruding nose body (161) that projects in the directionof the tension rod (40) that extends from the aperture (30).
 10. Theload-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that thebearing flanges are formed by the side walls (85) of a solid body (84)containing the aperture (30) in the central region.
 11. Theload-absorbing device according to claim 10, characterized in that thesolid body (84) is constructed in a box-like manner with two planarconnecting areas (86) that are situated diametrically opposite withrespect to the aperture (30).
 12. The load-absorbing device according toclaim 11, characterized in that the solid body (96) has the shape of anellipsoid.
 13. The load-absorbing device according to claim 2,characterized in that the surface parts, which are situated between thebearing flanges (25, 25 _(a), 85) in the aperture (30) and which formthe support surface (31), are curved in such a way that the transmissionbody (36) of the load-absorbing member (36, 40) can be brought intocontact with the surface parts, forming the support surface (31), fromthe one side or the other side of the bearing flanges (25, 25 _(a), 85).14. The load-absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized inthat the transmission surface on the transmission body (36) exhibits atleast parts of a spherical surface and that the surface parts, formingthe support surface (31), correspond to parts of a spherical cap. 15.The load-absorbing device according to claim 14, characterized in thatthe transmission body (36) is mounted on the end of a tension rod (40)and with parts of a spherical surface forms the transmission surface.16. The load-absorbing device according to claim 15, characterized inthat the transmission body is constructed as a solid sphere (36) andforms with the tension rod (40) a coherent unit having positive fit. 17.The load-absorbing device according to claim 16, characterized in thatthe tension rod (40) is provided with an external thread.
 18. Theload-absorbing device according to claim 17, characterized in that theexternal thread of the tension rod (40) is screwed into a threaded blindhole of the solid sphere (36).
 19. The load-absorbing device accordingto claim 16, characterized in that the solid sphere (36) has a passagedrill hole (37) through which a cap screw (40), forming the tension rod,is inserted, and that the screw head (41) of this cap screw is supportedon the edge of the passage drill hole (37) in order to transfer thetensioning force.
 20. The load-absorbing device according to claim 19,characterized in that the transmission body (36) has a planar flattening(35) as the engagement surface for the screw head (41), said planarflattening being formed on the edge, assigned to the screw head (41), ofthe passage drill hole (37).
 21. The load-absorbing device according toclaim 16, characterized in that the bearing element, forming the supportsurface (31), has a round cup body (163), which passes over, at its cupaperture (165), into a ring body (162), which is made as one piece withsaid cup body and which forms a connecting area, which is provided formounting on the supporting structure; and that the cup body (163)projects perpendicularly from the plane of said connecting area; andthat the cup floor (164) has an aperture (30) for the emergence of thetension rod (40), and that the interior wall of the cup body (163) thatis adjacent to the aperture (30) forms the support surface (31) that ismatched to the transmission surface of the ball (36), which isaccommodated in the cup body (163).